{"id":54151,"date":"2023-12-20T19:43:03","date_gmt":"2023-12-20T18:43:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wumingfoundation.com\/giap\/?page_id=54151"},"modified":"2025-03-08T16:24:03","modified_gmt":"2025-03-08T15:24:03","slug":"italian-translation-of-doppelganger","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.wumingfoundation.com\/giap\/italian-translation-of-doppelganger\/","title":{"rendered":"Naomi Klein’s Doppelg\u00e4nger’<\/em>s Italian Doppelg\u00e4nger: Misadventures in Translation"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"by Wu Ming 1<\/strong><\/p>\n

In a longform article on climate change and conspiracy fantasies<\/a> which Italian magazine\u00a0Internazionale<\/em>\u00a0published in two installments, I quoted and commented on several passages from Naomi Klein<\/strong>‘s latest book, Doppelg\u00e4nger: A Trip into the Mirror World<\/em><\/a>. I read it in English about two months ago, and I consider it an important work, one it is useful to engage with.<\/p>\n

For those quotations, I thought it was right, as well as formally correct, to use the official Italian translation. It was recently published by la Nave di Teseo\u2014henceforth NdT\u2014with the title Doppio. Il mio viaggio nel mondo specchio<\/em>. So I bought the electronic edition, and looked up the passages I wanted to quote. I was astonished. I did some spot-checking, and\u00a0astonishment became discomfort.<\/p>\n

I decided to forsake the NdT edition and translate the passages directly, also because in the NdT edition some of the sentences I had underlined\u2014well, they weren’t there.<\/p>\n

After I finished writing the article, I decided to make the matter public. it is only fair that readers, and Naomi Klein herself, be informed.<\/p>\n

Doppio<\/em> is a pale imitation, or a mutilated relative, of Doppelg\u00e4nger<\/em>. It is precisely its doppelg\u00e4nger, its reflection in a distorting mirror. Yet another irony of fate that Klein has to suffer, after those she recounts in the book itself.<\/p>\n

I am not going to speculate about what exactly happened, what part was played in this affair by the increasingly precarious working conditions and the increasingly rushed timelines of an over-publishing book industry. I will not even name the people who did the job. Pointing fingers at individuals does not interest me. What interests me is to explain what exactly ended up in the hands of the people who bought\u00a0Doppio<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Methodological premise<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The two texts I compared are that of the British trade paperback edition (Penguin Random House UK, ISBN 978-0-241-62131-8) and that of the Italian ePub edition (La Nave di Teseo, ISBN 978-88-346-1517-1).<\/p>\n

I checked and compared the many passages I had underlined. I did it for the first 200 pages, at which point I desisted. It was too much. The Penguin Random House edition, excluding the notes and index, has 347 pages.<\/p>\n

The list is divided by types of error or problematic rendition. In each section the examples are in order of appearance. The page numbers are those of the Penguin Random House edition.<\/p>\n

Findings<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Cuts (sentences missing in the NdT Italian version)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abMe treating Wolf like a branding problem would be about as off-brand as I could get\u00bb (p.47).<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abAhem.\u00bb (p.57)<\/em><\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abI am? I mean: she is?\u00bb (p.83)<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abOnce an issue is touched by \u201cthem\u201d, it seems to become oddly untouchable by almost everyone else\u00bb (p.93)<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abIt seems the right time to reassess anyway.\u00bb (p. 94)<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abHe means it.\u00bb (p.99)<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abIf the claims are coming from the far right, the covert plan is for a green \/ socialist \/ Venezuelan \/ Soros \/ forced-vaccine dictatorship\u00bb (p. 101).<\/p>\n

\u25a0 <\/em>\u00abHe skates lightly over more traditionally conservative issues that he may care about but that are likely to alienate some of his newfound friends, including abortion and gun rights.\u00bb (p.127)<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abMany gym owners took on large personal debts to keep operating under stringent new rules, only for the rules to continually change in arbitrary ways as the pandemic wore on.\u00bb<\/em> (p.171)<\/p>\n

Sentences that were misunderstood, misinterpreted, and\/or turned upside down<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u25a0 \u00abThe video was bananas\u00bb (p.35).
\nNdT version: \u00abIl video era banale\u00bb<\/em>
\n[The video was banal]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abthe [Australian] government\u00bb (p.79).
\nNdT version: \u00abil governo USA\u00bb<\/em>
\n[The US government]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abWe can have legitimate debates about the decisions of governments\u00bb (p.80).
\nNdT version: \u00abPossiamo discutere sulla legittimit\u00e0 della decisione dei governi\u00bb<\/em>
\n[We can discuss the legitimacy of the governments’ decision]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abWait until they hear about cell phones\u00bb (p.86)
\nIn this passage Klein reports a joke told by liberals, by which they mean that “conspiracists” care about QRcodes in vaccine passports but not about everyday digital surveillance.
\nNdT version: \u00abMi aspetto che da un momento all\u2019altro dicano: \u201cil mio telefonino mi ascolta, ho le prove\u201d\u00bb
\n<\/em>[I expect them to say at any moment, “My phone is listening to me, I have proof of that”]
\nAside from replacing a seven-word line with a paraphrase counting seventeen<\/em> words, such rendition seem to treat that statement\u2014phones listen to us, a truism\u2014as either moronic or insane. That is not Klein’s intent at all.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abThey know all about cell phones. They just don\u2019t know what to do<\/em> about cell phones\u00bb (p.87).
\nKlein is saying that those people know about widespread surveillance, but they don’t know how to act against it.
\nNdT version: \u00abSanno tutto dei cellulari, ma non sanno che cosa farne\u00bb<\/em>
\n[They know all about cell phones, but they don’t know what to do with them]
\nThis sounds as if they don’t know how to use phones. While in the original sentence those people are desperate, in the Italian rendition they’re just inept.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abBarely submerged fears\u00bb (p. 90).
\nNdT version: \u00abpaure superficiali\u00bb<\/em>
\n[superficial fears]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abThe result is a troubling dynamic\u00bb (p.93).
\nNdT version: \u00abSi tratta di una dinamica esiziale\u00bb<\/em>
\n[It is a calamitous dynamic]
\nUnlike troubling, esiziale<\/em> is a rarely used, high-register adjective. It is used for something that has a disastrous outcome. In addition to changing the meaning, then, translators lifted the register for no reason.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abExtreme historical analogies\u00bb (p.104).
\nHere Klein is talking about the similitudes,\u00a0recurring in Naomi Wolf’s rhetoric,\u00a0between such and such thing and Nazism. The so-called Reductiones ad Hitlerum.
\nNdT version: \u00abparallelismi storici inauditi\u00bb<\/em>
\n[unheard-of historical parallelisms].
\nActually, Reductio ad Hitlerum is very far from being unheard-of.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abAnd there is something else that I have noticed while listening to Bannon \u2013 he sticks, fairly judiciously,\u00a0<\/span>to the issues where there is common ground: hating Biden, rejecting vaccines, bashing Big Tech, fearmongering about migrants, casting doubt on election results. He skates lightly over more traditionally conservative issues that he may care about but that are likely to alienate some of his newfound friends, including abortion and gun rights. He doesn\u2019t ignore them, but they don\u2019t take up nearly as much airtime as one might expect.\u00bb (p.127)
\nNdT version: \u00abHo notato anche un\u2019altra cosa: Bannon tocca sempre con prudenza temi come l\u2019odio verso Biden, il rifiuto dei vaccini, le critiche alle Big Tech, la fomentata paura nei confronti dei migranti, i dubbi sui risultati delle elezioni. Non \u00e8 che li ignori, ma non occupano lo spazio che ci si aspetta.\u00bb<\/em>
\n[I also noticed another thing: Bannon always cautiously touches on topics such as hatred of Biden, rejection of vaccines, criticism of Big Tech, fomenting fear of migrants, and doubts about election results. It is not that he ignores them, but they do not occupy the space one would expect.]
\nNot only is the pivotal sentence\u2014from \u00abHe skates\u00bb to \u00abgun rights\u00bb\u2014missing, but Klein is made to say the exact opposite of what she means.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abI cannot believe this feminist chick actually went further than I ever would.\u00bb (p.130)
\nKlein is imagining Bannon’s thoughts as he listens to Naomi Wolf, a former ideological foe who now not only collaborates with him but sometimes outdoes him in incendiary rhetoric.
\nNdT version: \u00abNon posso credere che quest\u2019oca femminista si sia spinta cos\u00ec in l\u00e0, pi\u00f9 di quanto io stesso avrei mai osato fare.\u00bb<\/em>
\n[I cannot believe that this feminist goose has gone so far, further than I myself would have dared to go].
\nFiguratively speaking oca<\/em> (goose) means, according to a stereotypical view, stupid woman. Naomi Wolf is not stupid though, nor does Bannon thinks she is.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abmoving parts of education permanently on line\u00bb (p.148)
\nNdT version: \u00abdefinitivo spostamento su piattaforme online di buona parte dei programmi di formazione del personale da parte di istruttori in presenza\u00bb<\/em>
\n[definitive shift to online platforms of much of the staff training programs by in-person instructors]
\nIt’s already a problem that one uses twenty words to translate a seven-word sentence, but here the translators didn’t understand the context, so they made up a different one and crowded it with presences\u2014the staff, the instructors\u2014that weren’t there in the original text.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 The Far Right Meets The Far-Out<\/em> (p.159).
\nOkay, this wordplay is untranslatable in Italian, but they could have at least translated it as The Far Right Meets New Age<\/em> or something like that, instead they translated it as\u00a0L’estrema destra, l’estremismo<\/em> [The Far Right, Extremism].<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abtherapeutic work didn\u2019t allow for social distancing\u00bb (p. 171)
\nNdT version: \u00able terapie non possono agire se non vige il distanziamento sociale\u00bb<\/em>
\n[therapies cannot work if social distancing is not in force legally].
\nKlein is talking about the closures of gyms, health clubs, massage and physical therapist studios, etc. Here again the translators seem to have completely misunderstood the context.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abgender-marginalized people\u00bb (p.176)
\nNdT version: \u00absoggetti genderfluid\u00bb<\/em>
\n[gender-fluid subjects]<\/p>\n

Sentences that were roughly summarized<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u25a0 They Know About Cell Phones <\/i>(title, p. 75)
\nNdT version: \u00abI nostri telefoni sono controllati\u00bb
\n[Our phones are controlled]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abWhat many of us who were cringe-following Wolf at the time missed was the extent to which her new messaging had struck a chord\u00bb (p.84).
\n<\/i>NdT version: \u00abQuello che a molti di noi sfuggiva era la portata delle iniziative di Wolf\u00bb
\n<\/i>[What many of us missed was the scope of Wolf’s initiatives.]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abBut here is what got my attention about this steep drop-off in Wolf\u2019s Covid roller-coaster ride: what she was describing on Fox was actually not a vaccine passport at all.\u00bb (p. 79)
\nNdT version: \u00abL\u2019assurdit\u00e0 e l\u2019ossessivit\u00e0 di queste affermazioni mi hanno alla fine portato a pensare che il <\/em>Suo bersaglio non fosse tanto il green pass […]<\/em>\u00bb
\n[The absurdity and obsessiveness of these statements eventually led me to think that Her<\/em> target was not the green pass but…]
\nNOTE. About the unmotivated emphasis on all pronouns referring to Wolf and the use of the expression \u00abgreen pass,\u00bb see the following paragraphs.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abIn the name of getting back to business as usual\u00bb (p.81).
\nNdT version: \u00absempre in nome del profitto<\/em>\u00bb
\n[always in the name of profit].
\nOf course it’s always in the name of profit, but Klein is talking about something more specific here. She’s describing the moment when governments and the media focused exclusively on vaccines, and any talk of structural change disappeared from the public discourse.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abAs the climate crisis accelerates, with the land heaving beneath us and burning around us, I expect that many of us will continue to find comfort in whatever small bodily obeyances we can muster. There is solace to be found here.\u00bb (p. 173)
\nAt this point in Doppelg\u00e4nger<\/em> Klein has just recounted how yoga helped her combat stress and endure the period when she had cancer.
\nNdT version: \u00abCon l\u2019accelerazione della crisi climatica e il pianeta Terra che sta collassando, penso che molti di noi continueranno a trovare conforto in pratiche di questo tipo\u00bb
\n[With the climate crisis accelerating and planet Earth collapsing, I think many of us will continue to find comfort in practices of this kind.<\/em>]
\nNo more images of burning earth, and especially no more bodily obeyances, a direct reference to what Klein has just told of her illness.<\/p>\n

Sentences that were replaced with completely different ones<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u25a0 \u00abI gently push back on this: Why should surpassing a certain follower count preclude the possibility of feeling real pain?\u00bb (p.63).
\nNdT version: \u00abNon condivido quest\u2019affermazione: quando hai superato un certo numero di follower non devi pentirti di nulla.<\/em>\u00bb
\n[I disagree with this statement\u2013when you have exceeded a certain number of followers, you should not repent for anything.]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abThe words she was saying were essentially fantasy.\u00bb (p.86)
\nNdT version: \u00abSe dal punto di vista logico tutto ci\u00f2 non aveva alcun fondamento […]<\/em>\u00bb
\n[While from a logical point of view this all had no basis…].
\nA reference to the fantastic is replaced a reference to the illogical, and a short, self-contained sentence is replaced by an adversative coordinating proposition.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 The Bad Births to Covid Conspiracy Pipeline<\/em> (title, p. 175).
\nNdT version: Depressione post partum: cadere nella tana del Bianconiglio a causa del Covid
\n<\/em>[Postpartum depression: falling down the White Rabbit’s hole because of Covid.]<\/p>\n

Sentences that were lengthened, encumbered, unduly emphasized<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u25a0 \u00abI always know when she has been busy\u2013because my online mentions fill up instantly\u00bb (p.26).
\nNdT version: \u00abPurtroppo, ero sempre aggiornata sulla <\/em>Sua attivit\u00e0: a causa della confusione che si era generata tra noi due, le menzioni online che (ahim\u00e8) mi citavano arrivavano sul mio computer in tempo zero<\/em>\u00bb
\n[Unfortunately, I was always up to date on Her<\/em> activity: because of the confusion that had arisen between the two of us, online mentions that (alas) cited me arrived on my computer in zero time]
\nNo comment.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abas all those clever jokes suggest\u00bb (p.90)
\nNdT version: \u00abcome suggeriscono paradossalmente le battute intelligenti\u00bb<\/em>
\n[as intelligent jokes paradoxically suggest]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abI (\u2026) am uncomfortable playing doctor\u00bb (p. 104)
\nNdT version: \u00abnon mi sento a mio agio nella parte del dottore che deve guarire qualcuno<\/em>\u00bb
\n[I don’t feel comfortable in the part of the doctor who has to heal someone]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abwith no concern for the irony that its intelligence operatives have meddled in elections and helped overthrow democratically elected governments the world over since the Fifties\u00bb (p.117)
\nNdT version: \u00abquando \u00e8 fin dagli anni cinquanta che la sua intelligence \u2013 guarda un po\u2019 \u2013 condiziona le elezioni di altri paesi e contribuisce a rovesciare governi democraticamente eletti ovunque nel mondo\u00bb<\/em>
\n[when it has been since the 1950s that its intelligence\u2014look at that\u2014has been conditioning elections in other countries and helping to overthrow democratically elected governments everywhere in the world]
\nThe reference to an ironical twist was measured and understated, as is Klein’s style, whereas the parenthetic “look at that” is emphatic and puerile.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abtheir \u201cquestion everything\u201d led to many of us not questioning enough\u00bb (p.118)
\nA concise and elegant formula based on repetition and inverse proportionality.
\nNdT version: \u00abil loro \u201cmettere in discussione tutto\u201d sempre e comunque ha portato molti di noi a dare sempre per scontate troppe cose<\/em>\u00bb
\n[their “questioning everything” all the time has led many of us to always take too many things for granted].
\nGoodbye conciseness and elegance, hello adverbial expressions that weren’t in the original text.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abWe defined ourselves against each other and yet were somehow becoming ever more alike, willing to declare each other non-people\u00bb (p.121)
\nNdT version: \u00abCi siamo dichiarati diversi da loro, ma in qualche modo, stavamo diventando sempre pi\u00f9 simili, disposti a dichiarare gli altri soggetti inqualificabili\u00bb<\/em>
\n[We declared ourselves different from them, but somehow, we were becoming more and more similar, willing to declare the others unqualifiable subjects.]
\nGone is the concept of two camps defining themselves in mutual opposition, replaced by a generic being different, and the punchy formula “non-people” is replaced by a sluggish paraphrase.<\/p>\n

Emphatic tones that are absent in the original text<\/strong><\/h5>\n

The translators frequently changed Klein’s style of expression by inserting italics or exclamation points.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 From the beginning to the end of the book, every pronoun referring to Naomi Wolf is written in italics and capitalized: \u00abLei<\/em>,\u00bb \u00abSuo<\/em>,\u00bb \u00abSua.<\/em>\u00bb (She<\/em>, Her<\/em>) This is entirely an invention of the translators; in the original it is simply she, her, without any emphasis.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 Similarly, “conspiracists” are always referred to by the pronoun \u00abLoro<\/em>\u00bb (They<\/em>, Them<\/em>), in italics and with the capitalized initial, as if to assert their complete otherness from us, which Klein questions instead.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abOther Naomi\u00bb is always translated as \u00abl’Altra<\/em> Naomi\u00bb, the Other<\/em> Naomi, with the addition of the article and italics. The subtle strangeness of using Other without an article is lost.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abSo, no,\u00bb<\/em> (p.38) becomes: \u00abQuindi no!\u00bb<\/em> [Therefore, no!]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abthis is not true\u00bb<\/em> (p.79) becomes: \u00abnon \u00e8 vero!\u00bb<\/em> [It’s not true!]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00abBut that is very far from the truth\u00bb<\/em> (p.110) becomes: \u00abMa non \u00e8 vero!\u00bb<\/em> [But that’s not true!]<\/p>\n

\u25a0 \u00absupposedly suppressed CDC reports\u00bb<\/em> (p.119) becomes \u00abi rapporti del CDC (verosimilmente secretati!)\u00bb<\/em> [CDC reports (likely secreted!)]<\/p>\n

It is important to point out that Klein never uses exclamation points in her writings, unless she is quoting someone else’s sentences. This is not really her style.<\/p>\n

Clumsy Adaptations<\/strong><\/h5>\n

The translators keep putting the phrase \u00abgreen pass\u00bb into Klein’s mouth, despite Klein describing the North American context. In Canada and the U.S., certificates of vaccination or immunity have never had that name, and compared to our green pass their uses and terms of validity have been partly different.<\/p>\n

Conclusions<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Most of the errors I have pointed out seem to go in the direction of accentuating the otherness of “conspiracists,” keeping them at a greater distance, painting them simpy as idiots. The passages I examined miss all the caveats and nuances that Klein inserted in the original text and modulated to prevent any easy distancing. Klein writes respectfully even of Naomi Wolf herself. The absurdity of all those “Lei<\/em>” and “Suo<\/em>” completely betrays this latter aspect, and helps blunt Klein’s critique and self-criticism of the Left’s behaviours and discourses during the pandemic.<\/p>\n

The work I just did for free should theoretically have been done by the publisher.<\/p>\n

This situation cannot be overcome by merely solving the problems listed here, because the comparison was done on a sample basis, only on the passages I had underlined, and is limited to the first 200 pages. There are still 147 to go, and most importantly, there has not yet been a comparison of all the parts I had not underlined. It is highly probable that there are a great many other errors, cuts and problematic renditions.<\/p>\n

I consider this translation unamendable. It should be withdrawn from the market as soon as possible.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

–<\/span><\/p>\n

–<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"by Wu Ming 1 In a longform article on climate change and conspiracy fantasies which Italian magazine\u00a0Internazionale\u00a0published in two installments, I quoted and commented on several passages from Naomi Klein‘s latest book, Doppelg\u00e4nger: A Trip into the Mirror World. 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